Astigmatic Keratotomy (AK)


 
 

The astigmatic keratotomy (AK) is used to reduce severe astigmatism of approximately 3 diopter or higher.

What is astigmatism?

As discussed in the chapter Refractive Errors (Astigmatism), the surface of the cornea normally is curved evenly like the surface of a ball. In case of astigmatism, the curvature is stronger in one direction than in the other, so that images appear distorted. The surface resembles that of an egg or a football more than that of a round ball.

What happens during the AK procedure?

For the AK procedure, an arch-shaped deep incision (approximately 80% of the thickness of the cornea) is placed in the axis of the strongest curvature on the periphery of the cornea using a special diamond blade or a custom-made single-use blade. This incision relaxes the corneal tissue in the axis and results in a reduction of the curvature and thereby in a reduction of the astigmatism.

Typical course of an AK procedure and recovery after the surgery

The astigmatic keratotomy is an outpatient procedure. Prior to surgery, you will be offered a relaxant. The eye, which is to be treated, is then anesthetized locally with eye drops so that you will not feel any discomfort during surgery. For the surgery itself, which only lasts a few minutes, your eye is fixated with light pressure by a special ring-shaped device. The procedure is painless.

After the surgery, the eye is covered with a clear bandage, which you may remove a few hours afterwards. It is possible that a light foreign body sensation or light discomfort may occur for a few hours following the AK procedure.

A reduction of the astigmatism can be observed as early as the day after surgery. However, it takes a few weeks until the result is stabilized. Usually, new eyeglasses have to be prescribed a few days after the surgery because the astigmatism has been reduced but not eliminated altogether. You will receive eye drops, which have to be applied for several days after surgery, and you will generally be able to resume work within a few days after the procedure.

Treatment costs

The treatment costs are not covered by public or private health insurances. This fact also applies in cases of documented intolerance to eyeglasses or contact lenses. Currently, the costs for the preoperative and postoperative exams generally are to be paid by the patient himself as well and are calculated in accordance with the German coding system for the calculation of medical services (Gebührenordnung für Ärzte – GOÄ).
Please feel free to inquire about the costs for an astigmatic keratotomy.

When is the AK procedure used?

The AK procedure is indicated for the reduction for severe astigmatism, although in most cases it cannot be corrected entirely. Thus, the AK procedure is usually performed in combination with a later second procedure such as LASIK. In a typical scenario, an astigmatism is reduced with the AK and eliminated altogether with the LASIK procedure about 3 months later.

Which problems can occur?

After an astigmatic keratotomy, your vision without eyeglasses may possibly get worse at first, especially in cases of a combination of farsightedness and astigmatism.

Good vision without eyeglasses will then be achieved after a second procedure such as the LASIK procedure is performed. The vision you can achieve with eyeglasses will be better after the operation than before, because part of the astigmatism has been eliminated. Furthermore, it is likely that a new prescription for eyeglasses is required before operating a motor vehicle.

Although severe side effects are not likely, they cannot be excluded completely. In some cases, an irregular astigmatism may occur. In extremely rare cases, a perforation of the eye may occur because the incision was placed too deep.